健康信念模式应用于急性心肌梗死患者中的效果分析
郭钰1 邵青青2 吕砚青3
1. 郑州人民医院急诊科2. 郑州人民医院发热门诊3. 郑州市中心医院门诊部
摘要：目的：探讨基于健康信念模式的教育管理对急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者健康信念及自我管理能力的影响效果。方法：选取95例AMI患者，按照计算机分组法将其分为两组。对照组47例给予常规健康教育干预，观察组48例在对照组基础上给予健康信念模式干预，比较两组干预效果、自我管理能力、健康信念以及心脏不良事件发生情况。结果：干预后，观察组AMI持续时间短于对照组，发作次数少于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组自我管理责任感、健康知识水平、自我管理技能、自我概念评分均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组感到有控制力、感到有威胁、个人健康信念、感到有资源利用等评分及总分均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组心脏不良事件发生率6.25%低于对照组23.45%（P＜0.05）。结论：基于健康信念模式的教育管理可提升AMI患者自我管理能力和健康信念，减少心脏不良事件的发生。
关键词：健康信念模式;急性心肌梗死;自我管理能力;健康信念;
Effect of health belief model on patients with acute myocardial infarction
GUO Yu1a,SHAO Qingqing1b,LV Yanqing2.(a. Emergency Department;b. Fever Clinic,1.Zhengzhou People′s Hospital,Zhengzhou 450000;2. Outpatient Department of Zhengzhou Central Hospital,Zhengzhou 450000,China)
Abstract Objective: To investigate the effect of education management-based health belief model on the health belief and self-management ability of patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods: 95 patients with AMI were randomized into two groups, 47 cases in the control group received routine health education intervention, while 48 cases in the observation group received health belief model intervention onthe basis of treatment for the control group. Then, the intervention effects, self-management abilities,health beliefs, and adverse cardiac events were compared between the two groups. Results: After intervention, the duration of AMI in observation group was shorter than that in control group, and the frequency of AMI attack was less than that in control group, which was of statistial difference(P<0.05);the score of self-management responsibility, health knowledge, self-management skills, and self-concept inthe observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05); the score and total scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group in terms of perceived control, perceived threat to personal health, perceived resource utilization(P<0.05); and the incidence of adverse cardiacevents in the observation group was 6.25%, which was lower than 23.45% in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion: Education management-based health belief model can improve the self-management ability and health belief, and reduce the occurrence of adverse cardiac events in AMI patients.
Keywords: health belief model; acute myocardial infarction ( AMI); self-management ability; healthbelief
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